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Epic Collection, The (Epic Marketing)(1996).iso
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1978-04-13
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OPENING PRINCIPLES
This article describes a number of abstract opening principles which have
ben tried and tested over many games. These principles are mentioned in many
different chess books in one form or another.
Although these principles generally apply to the opening, they can also
apply to other phases of the game.
As with all principles, there will exceptions to when they should be
followed. In some cases principles may even conflict, in these cases you will
have to choose one which has a higher priority.
Both players begin with a weak position. The only pieces that can move are
the knights which only have a quarter of their maximum mobility. Only the
pawns, which are the weakest units, have their full mobility. For this
reason, the pawns do not need to be developed, only the pieces.
Develop the pieces as rapidly The player who develops faster will tend
as possible to gain the iniative.
Do not move a piece twice Losing time means that player will fall
in the opening behind in the race to complete
development first. There are so many
exceptions to this though, that perhaps
`without a good reason' could be added.
Do not make unnecessary pawn Pawn moves which do not assist development
moves lose time.
Do not attack when An attack with only a few pieces is likely
undeveloped to fail against correct defence, although
sometimes when an opponent has erred an
early attack is justified.
Do not waste time trying A pawn can be worth several tempi (in theory
to win a pawn in the opening about 3) and while you are winning material
your opponent may gain the iniative. There
are many instances though, when material can
safely be grabbed in the opening and this
can sometimes even gain YOU the iniative.
Do not open the position up An open position favours the side with more
when you are behind in pieces in play. The corollary is of course,
development. if you ahead in development open the
position up (especially lines against the
king). If you are behind in development
keep the position closed.
Control the centre Some pieces increase their mobility when
they approach the centre. Occupying the
centre with pawns can give you an advantage
in space. The theoretical advantage of the
centre has different schools of thought.
Castle early The king can be endangered if the centre is
opened up, or if the king is caught there.
Also, castling develops a rook.
Develop knights before The knight's best square is usually bishop
bishops 3(c3,f3,c6,f6). The bishop's best square
depends a lot on the position. To help
preserve options, develop the knights.